Axios on npm: quick note on supply-chain risk and min-release-age

In late March 2026, compromised axios builds briefly appeared on the npm registry (for example 1.14.1 and 0.30.4 on affected release lines). Attackers added a malicious dependency and used lifecycle scripts so a npm install could pull down far more than an HTTP client — a pattern we have seen before in registry incidents, not a bug in axios’ normal code. The bad versions were taken down quickly, but any machine or CI job that installed them in that window should be treated as potentially affected: rotate secrets where relevant, check install logs and lockfiles, and pin to known-good versions (axios at or below 1....

April 4, 2026 · 2 min · Oleksandr Kulbida

GuardDuty, phishing URLs, and SSRF: what DNS alerts really mean

Click to enlarge GuardDuty screams about a phishing domain. The node looks fine — no malware, no stolen creds. Often the real story is simpler: your app looked up a URL someone pasted in a message, and that hostname is on a threat list. The alert is still “true” (DNS to a bad name happened), but it is not a hacked cluster. The uncomfortable part: if you resolve or fetch any user URL with no checks, you also open the door to SSRF — for example a link to 169....

April 3, 2026 · 4 min · Oleksandr Kulbida

ACM finally automates certificate management for Kubernetes

AWS Certificate Manager (ACM) now supports automated certificate management for Kubernetes workloads through AWS Controllers for Kubernetes (ACK). Previously, using ACM certificates in Kubernetes required manual steps: exporting certificates via API, creating Kubernetes Secrets, and manually updating them at renewal. With ACK, you can define certificates as Kubernetes resources, and the controller automates the complete lifecycle - requesting, exporting, creating Secrets, and auto-updating at renewal. This works for both public certificates (ACM exportable certificates) and private certificates (AWS Private CA), enabling automated certificate management for:...

December 27, 2025 · 1 min · Oleksandr Kulbida
Security and infrastructure

How Cloudflare secures Terraform state at scale

Managing Terraform state securely is one of those things that seems simple until you’re dealing with hundreds of accounts and thousands of resources. Cloudflare, being their own Customer Zero, had to solve this problem at enterprise scale. The interesting part? They built a custom solution called tfstate-butler - a Go program that acts as an HTTP backend for Terraform state storage. The Security Problem When you’re managing infrastructure at Cloudflare’s scale, a single compromised state file could be catastrophic....

December 23, 2025 · 2 min · Oleksandr Kulbida